Condition

Vascular Dementia

Clinical trials and treatment information for Vascular Dementia, caused by reduced blood flow to the brain.

8.5M
People Affected
150
Active Trials
256K
New Cases/Year
293K
Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

1
Blood Pressure Control (e.g., Lisinopril)
85% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 70% Safety• 500 trials• 100K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 10-40 mg daily (for Lisinopril)
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
70
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks for blood pressure, months-years for vascular benefits

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

60%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

40

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

1000

Common Side Effects:

Cough: 8%
Dizziness: 4%
Fatigue: 2%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$50

Monitoring

$300

Side Effects

$20

Total Annual

$370

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

0.2

ICER

$15,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$617

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+85%
Response Rate
+60%
Common Side Effects
Cough
+8%
Dizziness
+4%
Fatigue
+2%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
2
Lifestyle Management (Exercise & Diet)
80% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 95% Safety• 500 trials• 100K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 30-60 minutes moderate exercise daily; Mediterranean-style diet
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
95
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks-months for health improvements, long-term for cognitive benefits

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

60%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

10

Common Side Effects:

Muscle soreness: 0.5%
Minor digestive changes: 0.2%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$0

Monitoring

$1,000

Side Effects

$0

Total Annual

$1,000

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

0.4

ICER

$-5,000/QALY

0
Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+80%
Response Rate
+60%
Common Side Effects
Muscle soreness
+0.5%
Minor digestive changes
+0.2%
3
Antiplatelet Therapy (e.g., Aspirin)
78% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 80% Safety• 300 trials• 80K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 75-325 mg daily (typically 81mg or 100mg)
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
80
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Immediate for antiplatelet effect, long-term for preventive benefits

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

50%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

70

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

250

Common Side Effects:

GI upset/heartburn: 7%
Minor bleeding (nosebleeds, bruising): 3%
Major GI bleed: 0.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$20

Monitoring

$50

Side Effects

$30

Total Annual

$100

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

0.15

ICER

$5,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$200

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+78%
Response Rate
+50%
Common Side Effects
GI upset/heartburn
+7%
Minor bleeding (nosebleeds, bruising)
+3%
Major GI bleed
+0.5%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
4
Statins (e.g., Atorvastatin)
72% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 65% Safety• 200 trials• 60K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 10-80 mg daily (for Atorvastatin)
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
65
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks-months for lipid reduction, long-term for vascular benefits

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

45%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

50

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

150

Common Side Effects:

Myalgia (muscle pain): 7%
GI upset: 3%
Liver enzyme elevation: 0.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$50

Monitoring

$150

Side Effects

$20

Total Annual

$220

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

0.15

ICER

$20,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$489

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+72%
Response Rate
+45%
Common Side Effects
Myalgia (muscle pain)
+7%
GI upset
+3%
Liver enzyme elevation
+0.5%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
5
Donepezil
65% Effectiveness• 70% Confidence• 60% Safety• 9 trials• 15K participants
MODERATE EvidenceGood ValueDose: 5-10 mg daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
60
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

1-3 months

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

35%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

15

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

25

Common Side Effects:

Nausea: 15%
Diarrhea: 10%
Insomnia: 10%
Vomiting: 5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$100

Monitoring

$500

Side Effects

$100

Total Annual

$700

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

0.08

ICER

$60,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$2,000

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
ADAS-Cog Score28 points (range 0-70, higher is worse)
-7.1% (-2 points)
CIBIC-Plus Score4.0 points (mean, 'no change'; range 1-7, lower is better)
-7.5% (-0.3 points)
MMSE Score20 points (range 0-30, higher is better)
+7.5% (+1.5 points)
Secondary Benefits
ADCS-ADL Score65 points (range 0-78, higher is better)
+3.1% (+2 points)
Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Score18 points (range 0-144, lower is better)
-16.7% (-3 points)
Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) Score35 points (range 0-88, lower is better)
-8.6% (-3 points)
Common Side Effects
Nausea
+15%
Diarrhea
+10%
Insomnia
+10%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
6
Memantine
60% Effectiveness• 65% Confidence• 65% Safety• 4 trials• 8K participants
MODERATE EvidenceGood ValueDose: 5-20 mg daily
Find Trials

Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
65
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

1-3 months

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

30%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

18

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

50

Common Side Effects:

Dizziness: 6%
Headache: 5%
Confusion: 5%
Constipation: 4%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$150

Monitoring

$500

Side Effects

$50

Total Annual

$700

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

0.07

ICER

$70,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$2,333

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
ADAS-Cog Score28 points/70
-7.1% (-2.0 points)
CIBIC-Plus Score4.0 (no change, 1-7 scale)
-5% (-0.2 points)
MMSE Score18 points/30
+4.4% (+0.8 points)
NPI Total Score25 points/144
-16% (-4.0 points)
Secondary Benefits
ADCS-ADL Score55 points/78
+2.7% (+1.5 points)
Caregiver Burden (Zarit Burden Interview)45 points/88
-6.7% (-3.0 points)
CDR Sum of Boxes Score7 points/18
-7.1% (-0.5 points)
Common Side Effects
Dizziness
+6%
Headache
+5%
Confusion
+5%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4