Condition

Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus type 1

Clinical trials and treatment information for Chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus type 1

6.3M
People Affected
80
Active Trials
189K
New Cases/Year
94K
Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

1
Intensive Insulin Therapy
90% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 55% Safety• 500 trials• 500K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: Individualized, typically 0.4-1.0 units/kg/day
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
55
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Years for complication prevention, immediate for glucose control

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

90%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

3

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

10

Common Side Effects:

Hypoglycemia: 90%
Weight gain: 60%
Injection site reactions: 15%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$4,000

Monitoring

$8,000

Side Effects

$500

Total Annual

$12,500

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

1.8

ICER

$15,000/QALY

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+90%
Response Rate
+90%
Common Side Effects
Hypoglycemia
+90%
Weight gain
+60%
Injection site reactions
+15%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
2
Dapagliflozin
88% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 65% Safety• 1 trials• 100K participants
MODERATE EvidenceGood ValueDose: 10mg once daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
65
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Months to years for renal/CV protection, weeks for glycemic/BP effects

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

75%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

20

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

30

Common Side Effects:

Genital mycotic infections: 12%
Urinary tract infections: 8%
Hypotension: 4%
Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (T1DM): 3%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$5,500

Monitoring

$300

Side Effects

$300

Total Annual

$6,100

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

0.6

ICER

$60,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$8,133

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Annual eGFR decline rate3.5 mL/min/1.73m²/year
-28.6% (-1.0 mL/min/1.73m²/year)
Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio (UACR)500 mg/g
-37% (-185 mg/g)
HbA1c8.5%
-4.7% (-0.4%)
Systolic Blood Pressure140 mmHg
-2.1% (-3 mmHg)
Secondary Benefits
Risk of Hospitalization for Heart FailureAnnual risk: 6%
-30% (-1.8 percentage points)
Body Weight90 kg
-2.8% (-2.5 kg)
Total Daily Insulin Dose60 units/day
-12% (-7.2 units/day)
Common Side Effects
Genital mycotic infections
+12%
Urinary tract infections
+8%
Hypotension
+4%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
3
Lisinopril
85% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 70% Safety• 300 trials• 100K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 5-40mg daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
70
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks for BP control, months for albuminuria reduction, years for kidney protection

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

65%

Remission Rate

7.5%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

15

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

50

Common Side Effects:

Cough: 10%
Hyperkalemia: 3%
Hypotension: 3%
Angioedema: 0.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$50

Monitoring

$150

Side Effects

$50

Total Annual

$250

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

0.8

ICER

$10,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$3,333

Cost per Responder

$385

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+85%
Response Rate
+65%
Remission Rate
+7.5%
Common Side Effects
Cough
+10%
Hyperkalemia
+3%
Hypotension
+3%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
4
Atorvastatin
80% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 65% Safety• 500 trials• 500K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 10-80mg daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
65
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks for lipid lowering, months to years for CV event reduction

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

85%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

30

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

100

Common Side Effects:

Myalgia/Muscle pain: 7%
GI upset: 4%
Liver enzyme elevation: 1%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$50

Monitoring

$50

Side Effects

$20

Total Annual

$120

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

1

ICER

$20,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$141

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+80%
Response Rate
+85%
Common Side Effects
Myalgia/Muscle pain
+7%
GI upset
+4%
Liver enzyme elevation
+1%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
5
Liraglutide
75% Effectiveness• 80% Confidence• 60% Safety• 100 trials• 50K participants
MODERATE EvidenceModerate ValueDose: 0.6-1.8mg subcutaneous injection daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
60
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks for glycemic control, months to years for CV/weight effects

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

65%

Remission Rate

0%

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

10

Common Side Effects:

Nausea: 25%
Diarrhea: 12%
Vomiting: 7%
Pancreatitis: 0.1%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$10,000

Monitoring

$100

Side Effects

$100

Total Annual

$10,200

Cost-Effectiveness

MODERATE

QALYs Gained

0.4

ICER

$100,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$15,692

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+75%
Response Rate
+65%
Common Side Effects
Nausea
+25%
Diarrhea
+12%
Vomiting
+7%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4