Condition

Yellow fever

Clinical trials and treatment information for Yellow fever

150K
People Affected
8
Active Trials
45K
New Cases/Year
4,602
Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

1
Yellow Fever Vaccine (Live Attenuated)
98% Effectivenessβ€’ 95% Confidenceβ€’ 78% Safetyβ€’ 14 trialsβ€’ 100M participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 0.5 mL subcutaneous injection
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
MethπŸ’€
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☒️
Alcohol🍺
MorphineπŸ’Š
AntibioticsπŸ’‰
TylenolπŸ’Š
ExerciseπŸƒ
WaterπŸ’§
78
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

10 days

Duration

Single dose (lifelong immunity)

Response Rate

98%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

118

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

100000

Common Side Effects:

Injection site pain/tenderness: 20%
Headache: 8%
Muscle aches: 7%
Low-grade fever: 3%
Hypersensitivity/allergic reaction (rare): 0.05%
Viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD, very rare, serious): 0.0001%
Neurotropic disease (YEL-AND, very rare, serious): 0.0001%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$200

Monitoring

$20

Side Effects

$5

Total Annual

$225

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

0.25

ICER

$207/QALY

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Annual Incidence of Yellow Fever DiseaseUnvaccinated population in endemic area (e.g., 50 cases per 100,000 person-years)
-99% (-49.5 cases per 100,000 person-years)
Proportion of Individuals Achieving Protective Neutralizing Antibody TitersPre-vaccination (0% of individuals)
+95% (+95% of vaccinated individuals)
Annual Yellow Fever-Related Mortality RateUnvaccinated population in endemic area (e.g., 10 deaths per 100,000 person-years)
-99% (-9.9 deaths per 100,000 person-years)
Secondary Benefits
Geometric Mean Titer (GMT) of Neutralizing AntibodiesPre-vaccination GMT <1:10
+9900% (Increase to >1:1000 dilution)
Annual Yellow Fever-Related Hospitalization RateUnvaccinated population in endemic area (e.g., 20 hospitalizations per 100,000 person-years)
-99% (-19.8 hospitalizations per 100,000 person-years)
Frequency of Yellow Fever-Specific CD8+ T-cellsPre-vaccination (<0.05% of CD8+ T-cells)
+900% (Increase to >0.5% of CD8+ T-cells (IFN-Ξ³+))
Common Side Effects
Injection site pain/tenderness
+20%
Headache
+8%
Muscle aches
+7%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4Post-marketing surveillance
2
Supportive Care (for active infection)
70% Effectivenessβ€’ 90% Confidenceβ€’ 85% Safetyβ€’ 1000 trialsβ€’ 1M participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: Varies (e.g., IV fluids, paracetamol, oxygen support)
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
MethπŸ’€
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☒️
Alcohol🍺
MorphineπŸ’Š
AntibioticsπŸ’‰
TylenolπŸ’Š
ExerciseπŸƒ
WaterπŸ’§
85
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Immediate for symptom relief

Duration

1-2 weeks (duration of acute illness)

Response Rate

60%

Remission Rate

%

Common Side Effects:

Fluid overload: 1%
Electrolyte imbalance: 2%
Adverse drug reactions (e.g., from antipyretics, antibiotics): 5%
Complications from organ support (e.g., dialysis, intubation): 3%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$2,000

Monitoring

$45,000

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$48,000

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

15

ICER

$3,333/QALY

Cost per Responder

$80,000

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+70%
Response Rate
+60%
Common Side Effects
Fluid overload
+1%
Electrolyte imbalance
+2%
Adverse drug reactions (e.g., from antipyretics, antibiotics)
+5%