Condition

Testicular cancer

Clinical trials and treatment information for Testicular cancer

679K
People Affected
80
Active Trials
122K
New Cases/Year
11K
Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

1
Radical Inguinal Orchiectomy
98% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 70% Safety• 1 trials• 1M participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: Surgical procedure
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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70
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Immediate (tumor removal)

Duration

Single procedure

Response Rate

100%

Remission Rate

85%

Common Side Effects:

Post-operative pain: 80%
Scrotal swelling/hematoma: 10%
Wound infection: 3%
Nerve damage/numbness: 1%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$200

Monitoring

$3,000

Side Effects

$500

Total Annual

$13,700

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

25

ICER

$10,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$16,118

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Level500 ng/mL (median pre-orchiectomy for elevated cases)
-99% (to <10 ng/mL)
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) Level200 mIU/mL (median pre-orchiectomy for elevated cases)
-99% (to <5 mIU/mL)
Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) Level400 U/L (median pre-orchiectomy for elevated cases)
-40% (to <250 U/L)
Primary Tumor Volume (measured by ultrasound)25 cm³ (e.g., 3.6 cm diameter sphere)
-100% (0 cm³ (complete surgical resection))
Secondary Benefits
Global Health Status/QoL Score (EORTC QLQ-C30)60/100 (pre-treatment, affected by diagnosis)
+15% (+9 points)
Cancer-Related Fatigue Score (EORTC QLQ-C30 Fatigue Subscale)50/100 (pre-treatment, moderate fatigue)
-30% (-15 points)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Anxiety Score10/21 (moderate anxiety due to diagnosis)
-30% (-3 points)
Common Side Effects
Post-operative pain
+80%
Scrotal swelling/hematoma
+10%
Wound infection
+3%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
2
BEP Chemotherapy (Bleomycin, Etoposide, Cisplatin)
90% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 25% Safety• 8 trials• 50K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: Cisplatin 20mg/m2 days 1-5; Etoposide 100mg/m2 days 1-5; Bleomycin 30 units days 1, 8, 15 (every 21 days)
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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25
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks to months

Duration

9-12 weeks (3-4 cycles)

Response Rate

85%

Remission Rate

80%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

3

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

10

Common Side Effects:

Nausea/Vomiting: 85%
Fatigue: 90%
Hair Loss: 100%
Myelosuppression (Neutropenia): 70%
Nephrotoxicity: 40%
Ototoxicity: 40%
Neuropathy (peripheral): 40%
Pulmonary fibrosis (Bleomycin): 5%
Infertility: 60%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$25,000

Monitoring

$7,000

Side Effects

$10,000

Total Annual

$42,000

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

20

ICER

$20,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$52,500

Cost per Responder

$49,412

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)500 ng/mL
-98% (-490 ng/mL)
Serum Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)1000 mIU/mL
-99.5% (-995 mIU/mL)
Longest Diameter of Target Tumor Lesion5.0 cm
-90% (-4.5 cm)
Secondary Benefits
ECOG Performance StatusECOG Performance Status: 1/5
-100% (-1 point)
EORTC QLQ-C30 Global Health Status scoreEORTC QLQ-C30 Global Health Status score: 60/100
+33.3% (+20 points)
FACT-G Fatigue Subscale scoreFACT-G Fatigue Subscale score: 12/28
+66.7% (+8 points)
Common Side Effects
Nausea/Vomiting
+85%
Fatigue
+90%
Hair Loss
+100%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
3
Active Surveillance (for Stage I)
95% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 95% Safety• 6 trials• 30K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: Close monitoring (imaging, tumor markers, physical exam)
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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95
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Ongoing strategy

Duration

5-10 years

Response Rate

%

Remission Rate

95%

Common Side Effects:

Anxiety/Psychological stress: 60%
Need for subsequent treatment: 25%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$0

Monitoring

$3,000

Side Effects

$100

Total Annual

$3,100

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

20

ICER

$5,000/QALY

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
5-Year Disease Recurrence Rate (Stage I Seminoma)0% (at initiation of active surveillance)
+15% (+15% (percentage points))
5-Year Adjuvant Therapy Avoidance Rate (Stage I Seminoma)100% (at initiation of active surveillance)
-15% (-15% (percentage points))
5-Year Overall Survival (Stage I Testicular Cancer)100% (expected optimal survival for Stage I TC)
-0.5% (-0.5% (percentage points))
Secondary Benefits
Proportion of Patients Avoiding Chemotherapy-Related Toxicities (Grade 3/4)0% (at initiation of active surveillance)
+85% (+85% (percentage points))
Physical Functioning Score (EORTC QLQ-C30 Global Health Status)90/100 (high baseline score at diagnosis)
+3% (+2.7 (scale points))
Maintenance of Pre-Treatment Sperm Count40 million/mL (typical fertile range)
0% (0 million/mL)
Common Side Effects
Anxiety/Psychological stress
+60%
Need for subsequent treatment
+25%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
4
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection (RPLND)
90% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 60% Safety• 7 trials• 50K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: Surgical procedure
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
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Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
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Water💧
60
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Immediate (tumor removal)

Duration

Single procedure

Response Rate

100%

Remission Rate

80%

Common Side Effects:

Post-operative pain: 90%
Ileus (bowel paralysis): 30%
Retrograde ejaculation: 25%
Lymphocele: 10%
Wound infection: 7%
Small bowel obstruction: 5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$200

Monitoring

$3,000

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$44,200

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

20

ICER

$15,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$49,111

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Level200 ng/mL
-98% (To <8.5 ng/mL (normal range))
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) Level150 mIU/mL
-99% (To <5 mIU/mL (normal range))
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Residual Mass Volume15 cm³
-100% (To 0 cm³ (complete surgical resection))
Risk of Local/Regional RecurrenceRisk after orchiectomy and surveillance for Stage I/II NSGCT (e.g., 15%)
-80% (Reduced from 15% to 3%)
Secondary Benefits
Global Health Status Score (EORTC QLQ-C30)70/100
+7% (Increased by 5 points (from 70 to 75))
Time to Full Physical Activity10 weeks (for open RPLND)
-50% (Reduced by 5 weeks (from 10 to 5 weeks with minimally invasive approach))
Risk of Repeat Surgery for RecurrenceRisk of repeat surgery (e.g., 10% in some surveillance scenarios)
-80% (Reduced from 10% to 2%)
Common Side Effects
Post-operative pain
+90%
Ileus (bowel paralysis)
+30%
Retrograde ejaculation
+25%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
5
Adjuvant Carboplatin (for Stage I Seminoma)
88% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 30% Safety• 1 trials• 10K participants
HIGH EvidenceGood ValueDose: AUC 7 (one dose) or AUC 7 x 2 doses (3 weeks apart)
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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30
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks (to prevent recurrence)

Duration

3-8 weeks (1-2 cycles)

Response Rate

%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

7

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

25

Common Side Effects:

Nausea/Vomiting: 60%
Myelosuppression (Thrombocytopenia): 70%
Fatigue: 65%
Hair thinning: 25%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$4,000

Monitoring

$2,000

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$7,000

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

24

ICER

$63,000/QALY

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
5-year Relapse-Free Survival Rate85% (for surveillance in high-risk Stage I seminoma)
+11.76% (+10 percentage points (from 85% to 95%))
Risk of Disease Relapse (5-year)15% (for surveillance in high-risk Stage I seminoma)
-66.67% (-10 percentage points (from 15% to 5%))
5-year Overall Survival Rate99.5% (due to effective salvage therapy)
+0.25% (+0.25 percentage points (from 99.5% to 99.75%))
Secondary Benefits
Psychological Well-being Score (EORTC QLQ-C30 Emotional Functioning scale, 0-100)70/100 (reflecting moderate anxiety under surveillance)
+14.29% (+10 points (to 80/100))
Burden of Surveillance (Patient-Reported Outcome Scale, 0-10, higher is worse)6/10 (moderate burden with active surveillance)
-33.33% (-2 points (to 4/10))
Common Side Effects
Nausea/Vomiting
+60%
Myelosuppression (Thrombocytopenia)
+70%
Fatigue
+65%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
6
Radiation Therapy (for Seminoma)
85% Effectiveness• 80% Confidence• 25% Safety• 4 trials• 20K participants
MODERATE EvidenceModerate ValueDose: 20-30 Gy in 10-15 fractions
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
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Water💧
25
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks to months

Duration

2-3 weeks (10-15 fractions)

Response Rate

100%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

8

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

15

Common Side Effects:

Fatigue: 80%
Nausea/Vomiting: 60%
Diarrhea: 40%
Skin irritation: 60%
Secondary malignancies (long-term): 3%
Infertility: 50%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$100

Monitoring

$2,000

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$23,100

Cost-Effectiveness

MODERATE

QALYs Gained

23

ICER

$100,000/QALY

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
5-Year Risk of Disease Recurrence15% (for Stage I Seminoma with surveillance)
-80% (-12 percentage points)
Beta-hCG Level500 mIU/mL
-99.6% (-498 mIU/mL)
LDH Level400 U/L
-62.5% (-250 U/L)
Secondary Benefits
Fatigue (EORTC QLQ-C30 Scale)20/100 (low fatigue)
+50% (+10 points)
Nausea/Vomiting (EORTC QLQ-C30 Scale)5/100 (minimal symptoms)
+200% (+10 points)
Sperm Concentration40 million/mL
-50% (-20 million/mL)
Common Side Effects
Fatigue
+80%
Nausea/Vomiting
+60%
Diarrhea
+40%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4