Condition

Prostate cancer

Clinical trials and treatment information for Prostate cancer

10.4M
People Affected
200
Active Trials
1.9M
New Cases/Year
432K
Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

1
Abiraterone acetate (with Prednisone)
80% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 55% Safety• 194 trials• 40K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 1000 mg once daily with Prednisone 5 mg twice daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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Meth💀
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Morphine💊
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55
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

1-3 months (PSA response)

Duration

Continuous until progression

Response Rate

65%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

7

Common Side Effects:

Fatigue: 35%
Joint swelling/edema: 25%
Hypertension: 25%
Hypokalemia: 18%
Diarrhea: 17%
Hot flashes: 12%
Hepatotoxicity (elevated LFTs): 7%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$28,000

Monitoring

$2,000

Side Effects

$800

Total Annual

$30,800

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

1.5

ICER

$31,514/QALY

Cost per Responder

$47,385

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Response75 ng/mL
-70% (-52.5 ng/mL)
Radiographic Progression-Free Survival (rPFS)Median rPFS on standard of care: 8.3 months
+98.8% (+8.2 months)
Overall Survival (OS)Median OS on standard of care: 30.3 months
+14.52% (+4.4 months)
Pain Intensity (BPI-SF Worst Pain Score)BPI-SF Worst Pain Score: 7/10
-40% (-2.8 points)
Secondary Benefits
Time to Skeletal-Related Events (SREs)Median time to SREs on standard of care: 10.2 months
+63.7% (+6.5 months)
Fatigue (FACT-F subscale)FACT-F subscale score: 25/52
+15% (+3.75 points)
Health-Related Quality of Life (FACT-P total score)FACT-P total score: 90/156
+10% (+9 points)
Common Side Effects
Fatigue
+35%
Joint swelling/edema
+25%
Hypertension
+25%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
2
Enzalutamide
80% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 55% Safety• 380 trials• 35K participants
HIGH EvidenceModerate ValueDose: 160 mg once daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
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55
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

1-3 months (PSA response)

Duration

Continuous until progression

Response Rate

70%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

7

Common Side Effects:

Fatigue/Asthenia: 40%
Hypertension: 18%
Hot flashes: 12%
Diarrhea: 12%
Headache: 10%
Falls: 10%
Seizures: 1%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$130,000

Monitoring

$2,000

Side Effects

$800

Total Annual

$132,800

Cost-Effectiveness

MODERATE

QALYs Gained

1.5

ICER

$120,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$189,714

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
PSA Level85 ng/mL
-65% (-55.25 ng/mL)
Median Radiographic Progression-Free Survival3.6 months
+358.3% (+12.9 months)
Median Overall Survival26.9 months
+20.4% (+5.5 months)
Secondary Benefits
FACT-P Total Score115/156
+4.3% (+5 points)
Median Time to First Symptomatic Skeletal Event (SSE)16.7 months
+86.2% (+14.4 months)
Median Time to Chemotherapy Initiation10.8 months
+57.4% (+6.2 months)
Common Side Effects
Fatigue/Asthenia
+40%
Hypertension
+18%
Hot flashes
+12%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
3
Leuprolide (Androgen Deprivation Therapy - ADT)
75% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 62% Safety• 79 trials• 300K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 7.5 mg IM monthly, or 22.5 mg IM every 3 months
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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Meth💀
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62
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

1-3 months (clinical effects)

Duration

Years to lifetime

Response Rate

75%

Remission Rate

%

Common Side Effects:

Hot flashes: 65%
Fatigue: 55%
Decreased libido/erectile dysfunction: 85%
Bone density loss/osteoporosis: 40%
Weight gain: 20%
Cardiovascular events (long-term): 10%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$4,800

Monitoring

$800

Side Effects

$400

Total Annual

$6,000

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

2.5

ICER

$25,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$8,000

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Serum Testosterone450 ng/dL
-95.5% (-430 ng/dL)
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA)50 ng/mL
-96% (-48 ng/mL)
Worst Pain Score (Brief Pain Inventory - Short Form)7/10
-30% (-2.1 points)
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)200 U/L
-50% (-100 U/L)
Secondary Benefits
FACT-P (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - Prostate) score90/156 (lower scores indicate worse QoL)
+11.1% (+10 points)
ECOG Performance Status2/5
-50% (-1 point)
Prostate Gland Volume (MRI)40 cc
-30% (-12 cc)
Common Side Effects
Hot flashes
+65%
Fatigue
+55%
Decreased libido/erectile dysfunction
+85%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
4
Docetaxel
70% Effectiveness• 88% Confidence• 25% Safety• 509 trials• 50K participants
HIGH EvidenceGood ValueDose: 75 mg/m² IV every 3 weeks (with prednisone)
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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25
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

1-2 months (symptom improvement)

Duration

4-7 months (6-10 cycles)

Response Rate

45%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

12

Common Side Effects:

Neutropenia: 75%
Fatigue: 65%
Alopecia: 75%
Peripheral neuropathy: 35%
Fluid retention/edema: 35%
Nausea/Vomiting: 35%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$20,000

Monitoring

$4,000

Side Effects

$8,000

Total Annual

$32,000

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

0.7

ICER

$60,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$71,111

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Level100 ng/mL
-35% (-35 ng/mL)
Cancer-Related Pain Score (BPI-SF Worst Pain)7/10
-29% (-2 points)
Median Overall Survival14 months (control arm)
+18% (+2.5 months)
Median Radiographic Progression-Free Survival3.5 months (control arm)
+71% (+2.5 months)
Secondary Benefits
Quality of Life (FACT-P Total Score)100/156
+8% (+8 points)
Performance Status (ECOG Score)2/5
-15% (-0.3 points)
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Level200 U/L
-20% (-40 U/L)
Common Side Effects
Neutropenia
+75%
Fatigue
+65%
Alopecia
+75%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
5
Radium-223 dichloride
65% Effectiveness• 88% Confidence• 25% Safety• 76 trials• 12K participants
HIGH EvidencePoor ValueDose: 55 kBq/kg IV every 4 weeks for 6 doses
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
25
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks (pain relief)

Duration

5 months (up to 6 injections)

Response Rate

35%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

8

Common Side Effects:

Nausea: 35%
Diarrhea: 25%
Vomiting: 20%
Thrombocytopenia: 15%
Anemia: 12%
Bone pain flare: 8%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$80,000

Monitoring

$4,000

Side Effects

$4,000

Total Annual

$88,000

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.25

ICER

$226,381/QALY

Cost per Responder

$251,429

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Overall SurvivalMedian 11.3 months (placebo)
+32% (+3.6 months)
Time to First Symptomatic Skeletal Event (SSE)Median 9.8 months (placebo)
+59% (+5.8 months)
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) LevelMedian 200 U/L (elevated)
-25% (-50 U/L)
Bone Pain (BPI-SF Worst Pain Score)5/10 (moderate to severe)
-30% (-1.5 points)
Secondary Benefits
Health-Related Quality of Life (FACT-P total score)Median 115 points
+4% (+4.6 points)
Time to Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) ProgressionMedian 3.6 months (placebo)
+25% (+0.9 months)
Time to Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) ProgressionMedian 3.7 months (placebo)
+57% (+2.1 months)
Common Side Effects
Nausea
+35%
Diarrhea
+25%
Vomiting
+20%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4