Condition

Larynx cancer

Clinical trials and treatment information for Larynx cancer

1.1M
People Affected
200
Active Trials
331K
New Cases/Year
117K
Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

1
Radiation Therapy
80% Effectiveness• 92% Confidence• 25% Safety• 265 trials• 150K participants
HIGH EvidenceGood ValueDose: 60-70 Gy over 6-7 weeks
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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25
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks to months

Duration

5-7 weeks

Response Rate

70%

Remission Rate

60%

Common Side Effects:

Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing): 70%
Mucositis: 60%
Skin reactions (redness, peeling): 85%
Voice changes (hoarseness): 75%
Xerostomia (dry mouth): 80%
Fatigue: 70%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$0

Monitoring

$5,000

Side Effects

$3,000

Total Annual

$40,000

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

2.5

ICER

$85,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$66,667

Cost per Responder

$57,143

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Laryngeal Tumor Volume15 cm^3
-90% (-13.5 cm^3)
Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30) Score60/120 points
-50% (-30 points)
MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) Composite Score60/100 points
+33.3% (+20 points)
Pain Numeric Rating Scale (NPRS)7/10 points
-71.4% (-5 points)
Secondary Benefits
EORTC QLQ-C30 Global Health Status Score50/100 points
+40% (+20 points)
EORTC QLQ-H&N35 Communication Score60/100 points
-50% (-30 points)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Total Score25/42 points
-40% (-10 points)
Common Side Effects
Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
+70%
Mucositis
+60%
Skin reactions (redness, peeling)
+85%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
2
Concurrent Chemoradiation (Cisplatin-based)
85% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 25% Safety• 4 trials• 80K participants
HIGH EvidenceGood ValueDose: Cisplatin 100 mg/m2 every 3 weeks for 3 cycles or 40 mg/m2 weekly concurrent with radiation
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
25
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks to months

Duration

5-7 weeks concurrent with radiation

Response Rate

75%

Remission Rate

65%

Common Side Effects:

Severe mucositis: 75%
Dysphagia: 80%
Nausea and vomiting: 70%
Fatigue: 85%
Myelosuppression (low blood counts): 60%
Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage): 30%
Ototoxicity (hearing loss): 25%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$5,000

Monitoring

$8,000

Side Effects

$6,000

Total Annual

$60,000

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

2.8

ICER

$95,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$92,308

Cost per Responder

$80,000

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
5-Year Laryngeal Preservation Rate60% (with definitive radiation alone)
+20% (+12 percentage points)
Local-regional Recurrence RiskEstimated 5-year local-regional recurrence risk of 30% (with definitive radiation alone)
-30% (-9 percentage points)
5-Year Overall Survival Rate65% (with definitive radiation alone)
+10% (+6.5 percentage points)
Complete Response Rate (Clinical/Radiological)65% (with definitive radiation alone)
+15% (+10 percentage points)
Secondary Benefits
Rate of Salvage LaryngectomyEstimated 5-year rate of 20% (patients undergoing radiation alone requiring salvage surgery)
-25% (-5 percentage points)
Median Time to Local-regional Recurrence24 months (with definitive radiation alone)
+25% (+6 months)
Long-term Gastrostomy Tube Dependence RateEstimated 5-year rate of 25% (with definitive radiation alone and similar stage disease)
-20% (-5 percentage points)
Common Side Effects
Severe mucositis
+75%
Dysphagia
+80%
Nausea and vomiting
+70%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
3
Total Laryngectomy (Surgery)
90% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 40% Safety• 14 trials• 100K participants
HIGH EvidenceGood ValueDose: Surgical removal of the larynx
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
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Tylenol💊
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40
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Immediate

Duration

Single procedure, followed by lifelong rehabilitation

Response Rate

90%

Remission Rate

80%

Common Side Effects:

Permanent tracheostomy: 100%
Aphonia (loss of voice): 100%
Dysphagia (swallowing difficulties): 50%
Stoma care complications: 30%
Fistula formation: 10%
Infection: 15%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$0

Monitoring

$7,000

Side Effects

$10,000

Total Annual

$75,000

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

3

ICER

$70,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$93,750

Cost per Responder

$83,333

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Loco-regional Control Rate (5-year)30% (for advanced larynx cancer without optimal surgical management)
+166.67% (+50 percentage points)
Overall Survival Rate (5-year)30% (for advanced larynx cancer without optimal surgical management)
+100% (+30 percentage points)
Risk of Permanent Gastrostomy Tube Dependence80% (due to progressive advanced larynx cancer causing severe dysphagia)
-81.25% (-65 percentage points)
Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30)VHI-30 score: 80/120 (severe laryngeal voice impairment due to tumor)
-37.5% (-30 points)
Secondary Benefits
Global Health Status/QOL (EORTC QLQ-C30)50/100 (pre-surgery, impacted by advanced cancer)
+20% (+10 points)
Social Functioning (EORTC QLQ-C30)60/100 (pre-surgery, impacted by advanced cancer)
+25% (+15 points)
HADS Depression Score12/21 (moderate depression pre-surgery due to cancer burden)
-33.33% (-4 points)
Common Side Effects
Permanent tracheostomy
+100%
Aphonia (loss of voice)
+100%
Dysphagia (swallowing difficulties)
+50%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
4
Cetuximab (Targeted Therapy)
65% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 45% Safety• 3 trials• 20K participants
MODERATE EvidencePoor ValueDose: 400 mg/m2 loading dose, then 250 mg/m2 weekly
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
45
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks

Duration

Weekly for 7 weeks (with radiation)

Response Rate

40%

Remission Rate

20%

Common Side Effects:

Acne-like rash: 80%
Hypomagnesemia: 50%
Infusion reactions: 20%
Diarrhea: 25%
Fatigue: 40%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$30,000

Monitoring

$5,000

Side Effects

$4,000

Total Annual

$39,000

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.8

ICER

$200,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$195,000

Cost per Responder

$97,500

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Median Overall Survival29.3 months (locally advanced Larynx cancer, radiotherapy alone)
+67.24% (+19.7 months)
3-year Locoregional Control Rate47% (locally advanced Larynx cancer, radiotherapy alone)
+19.15% (+9 percentage points)
Median Progression-Free Survival3.3 months (recurrent/metastatic Larynx cancer, chemotherapy alone)
+69.7% (+2.3 months)
Objective Response Rate20% (recurrent/metastatic Larynx cancer, chemotherapy alone)
+80% (+16 percentage points)
Secondary Benefits
Global Health Status/QoL (EORTC QLQ-C30) score60 points (on 0-100 scale, pre-treatment baseline)
+5% (+3 points)
Voice Handicap Index (VHI-30) score40 points (on 0-120 scale, post-treatment decline anticipated without intervention)
-10% (-4 points)
MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) score65 points (on 0-100 scale, post-treatment baseline)
+5% (+3.25 points)
Common Side Effects
Acne-like rash
+80%
Hypomagnesemia
+50%
Infusion reactions
+20%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
5
Pembrolizumab (Immunotherapy)
60% Effectiveness• 88% Confidence• 55% Safety• 7 trials• 15K participants
HIGH EvidencePoor ValueDose: 200 mg every 3 weeks or 400 mg every 6 weeks IV
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
55
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Weeks to months

Duration

Up to 2 years or until disease progression/unacceptable toxicity

Response Rate

20%

Remission Rate

10%

Common Side Effects:

Fatigue: 30%
Pruritus (itching): 20%
Diarrhea: 15%
Rash: 15%
Hypothyroidism: 10%
Immune-mediated adverse events: 10%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$150,000

Monitoring

$10,000

Side Effects

$5,000

Total Annual

$165,000

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.5

ICER

$300,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$1,650,000

Cost per Responder

$825,000

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Median Overall Survival10.3 months (with standard chemotherapy)
+19.4% (+2.0 months)
Median Duration of Response4.2 months (with standard chemotherapy)
+297.6% (+12.5 months (significantly longer))
Objective Response Rate (ORR)36.1% (with standard chemotherapy)
-47.1% (-17.0 percentage points)
Secondary Benefits
Health-Related Quality of Life (EORTC QLQ-C30 Global Health Score)58 points (0-100 scale)
+8.6% (+5 points)
Laryngeal Pain (EORTC QLQ-H&N35 Pain scale)35 points (0-100 scale, higher is worse)
-20% (-7 points)
Dysphagia (EORTC QLQ-H&N35 Swallowing scale)30 points (0-100 scale, higher is worse)
-20% (-6 points)
Common Side Effects
Fatigue
+30%
Pruritus (itching)
+20%
Diarrhea
+15%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4