Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

Treatment for Kidney Stones

Effectiveness
95%
Safety Score
45%
Clinical Trials
79
Participants
45K

Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
45
DangerousModerateSafe
Treatment Details
Time to Effect
Immediate stone removal
Treatment Duration
Single procedure (hospitalization 2-4 days)
Evidence Quality
HIGH
Confidence Score
90%confidence in effectiveness data
Health Economics
Annual Cost of Care
Drug Cost:$0
Monitoring:$2,000
Side Effect Mgmt:$1,500
Total Annual:$15,000
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Cost-Effectiveness Rating
GOOD
ICER
$85,000/QALY
QALYs Gained
0.9
Outcome-Based Costs
Cost per Responder
$15,789
Cost per Remission
$16,667
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) Outcomes

for Kidney Stones

Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+95%
Response Rate
+95%
Remission Rate
+90%
Common Side Effects
Pain
+50%
Bleeding requiring transfusion
+7%
Infection/Sepsis
+6%
Organ injury (bowel, pleura)
+1%

Sources:

mdpi.com
nih.gov
plos.org

WARNING: LIMITED TRIALS AVAILABLE

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Active Clinical Trials
7 active trials recruiting for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in Kidney Stones

Feasibility of Radiation-Free Percutaneus Nephrolithotomy for Kidney Stones

NCT06922006ACTIVE NOT RECRUITING
View Study
67 participants
OBSERVATIONAL
San Diego, United States
Started: Mar 26, 2024

Safety and Effectiveness of Antegrade Flexible Ureteroscopy-Assisted Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Staghorn Calculi

NCT07172373NOT YET RECRUITINGNA
View Study
420 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Started: Oct 1, 2025

VISOR Versus PCNL for Treatment of 2-4cm Renal Stones

NCT07159503ENROLLING BY INVITATIONNA
View Study
170 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Hangzhou, China
Started: Apr 20, 2025

FANS-Assisted Mini-PCNL for Complex Renal Stones

NCT07332286ACTIVE NOT RECRUITINGNA
View Study
30 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Guangzhou, China
Started: Dec 19, 2025

Metaphylaxis of Infected Kidney Stones After Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy

NCT07393711NOT YET RECRUITINGNA
View Study
95 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Aqtöbe, Kazakhstan
Started: Mar 1, 2026

Flexible Ureteroscopy With a Flexible and Navigable Suction Ureteral Access Sheath Versus Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for 1-2 cm Lower Pole Kidney Stones

NCT07159035RECRUITINGNA
View Study
640 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Guangzhou, China
Started: Aug 28, 2025

Three Dimensional Virtual Reconstruction (3D) in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

NCT06797466RECRUITINGNA
View Study
100 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Adıyaman, Turkey (Türkiye)
Started: Jan 21, 2025
Completed Clinical Trials
9 completed trials for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in Kidney Stones

Comparison of Tubeless Versus Standard Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for Renal Stones

NCT07522619COMPLETEDNA
View Study
60 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Karachi, Pakistan
Started: Nov 24, 2021

Tubeless vs Tube PCNL in Pediatric Nephrolithiasis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

NCT07183930COMPLETEDNA
View Study
640 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Peshawar, Pakistan
Started: Oct 1, 2024

Standard vs Mini-PCNL for the Treatment of Stone Disease

NCT04069013COMPLETEDNA
View Study
18 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Cleveland, United States
Started: May 1, 2022

Comparison of Trifecta Analysis of Standard Versus Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in the Management of Urolithiasis

NCT06836700COMPLETEDNA
View Study
180 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Peshawar, Pakistan
Started: Jan 10, 2022

Preoperative Prophylactic Fosfomycin Trometamol Versus 5-day Levofloxacin in Prevention of Postpercutaneous Nephrolithotomy Infectious Complications and Sepsis.

NCT07355907COMPLETEDNA
View Study
210 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Tanta, Egypt
Started: Jan 1, 2023

Stone Access and Removal (STAR) Study

NCT06330701COMPLETEDNA
View Study
15 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Indianapolis, United States +1 more
Started: Jan 18, 2024

The Success of Pediatric Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

NCT04299204COMPLETEDNA
View Study
553 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Started: Jan 15, 1998

Flexible Ureteroscopy With Tip-bendable Suction Ureteral Access Sheath Versus Mini-Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Treatment of 2-3cm Renal Stones

NCT06526390COMPLETEDNA
View Study
720 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Guangzhou, China
Started: Aug 21, 2024

Initial Clinical Experience With the MONARCH Platform, Urology for the Treatment of Kidney Stones

NCT05835323COMPLETEDNA
View Study
15 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
Orange, United States
Started: Jan 11, 2023
Showing 20 of 94 total trials