Condition

Interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis

Clinical trials and treatment information for Interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis

4.3M
People Affected
150
Active Trials
86K
New Cases/Year
188K
Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

1
Prednisone
75% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 50% Safety• 8 trials• 2M participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 20-40 mg daily, tapered
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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Meth💀
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50
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Days to 2 weeks

Duration

Months to years

Response Rate

75%

Remission Rate

40%

Common Side Effects:

Weight gain: 80%
Mood changes: 50%
Insomnia: 40%
Hyperglycemia: 30%
Increased infection risk: 20%
Osteoporosis (long-term): 15%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$150

Monitoring

$750

Side Effects

$1,200

Total Annual

$2,100

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

Cost per Remission

$5,250

Cost per Responder

$2,800

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)65% of predicted
+10% (increase by 6.5 percentage points of predicted)
6-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD)320 meters
+12.5% (+40 meters)
Dyspnea Severity (mMRC score)mMRC score: 3/4
-33.3% (-1 point)
Secondary Benefits
Cough Severity (VAS)65 mm (on 100 mm VAS)
-23.1% (-15 mm)
Quality of Life (SGRQ total score)SGRQ total score: 48/100
-10.4% (-5 points)
C-reactive Protein (CRP)15 mg/L
-66.7% (-10 mg/L)
Common Side Effects
Weight gain
+80%
Mood changes
+50%
Insomnia
+40%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
2
Pirfenidone
65% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 40% Safety• 1 trials• 2.5K participants
HIGH EvidencePoor ValueDose: 2403 mg daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
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Water💧
40
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

3-6 months (sustained effect)

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

55%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

9

Common Side Effects:

Nausea: 35%
Diarrhea: 25%
Photosensitivity: 15%
Rash: 15%
Liver enzyme elevation: 10%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$7,500

Monitoring

$1,500

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$10,000

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.2

ICER

$250,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$18,182

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Absolute Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)3000 mL
-5% (-150 mL (annual decline))
6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) distance350 meters
-5.7% (-20 meters (annual decline))
UCSD Shortness of Breath Questionnaire (SOBQ) score25 points (0-60, higher is worse)
+10% (+2.5 points (annual increase, less than placebo))
Secondary Benefits
St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score45 points (0-100, higher is worse)
+5.5% (+2.5 points (annual increase, less than placebo))
Diffusion Capacity (DLCO) % predicted50% of predicted
-5% (-2.5 percentage points (annual decline))
Common Side Effects
Nausea
+35%
Diarrhea
+25%
Photosensitivity
+15%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
3
Nintedanib
65% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 40% Safety• 1 trials• 3.5K participants
HIGH EvidencePoor ValueDose: 150 mg twice daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
40
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

3-6 months (sustained effect)

Duration

Lifetime

Response Rate

55%

Remission Rate

%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

9

Common Side Effects:

Diarrhea: 65%
Nausea: 25%
Vomiting: 10%
Liver enzyme elevation: 8%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$7,500

Monitoring

$1,500

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$10,000

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.2

ICER

$280,000/QALY

Cost per Responder

$18,182

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) decline2800 mL (typical for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis)
-4.28% (-120 mL over 52 weeks)
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) decline (Progressive Fibrosing ILD)2700 mL (typical for other progressive fibrosing ILDs, including sarcoidosis)
-4.07% (-110 mL over 52 weeks)
Diffusion Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) decline55% of predicted
-6.36% (-3.5% of predicted over 52 weeks)
Secondary Benefits
Annualized Rate of Acute Exacerbations0.2 events/patient-year
-50% (-0.1 events/patient-year over 52 weeks)
St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) Total Score35 points (0-100 scale, higher is worse)
+10% (+3.5 points over 52 weeks)
6-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD)350 meters
-1.43% (-5 meters over 52 weeks)
Common Side Effects
Diarrhea
+65%
Nausea
+25%
Vomiting
+10%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
4
Infliximab
60% Effectiveness• 75% Confidence• 35% Safety• 30 trials• 800 participants
MODERATE EvidencePoor ValueDose: 5 mg/kg IV every 4-8 weeks
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
35
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

2-3 months

Duration

Long-term, potentially indefinite

Response Rate

60%

Remission Rate

15%

Common Side Effects:

Infusion reactions: 15%
Increased infection risk: 8%
Headache: 10%
Nausea: 5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$30,000

Monitoring

$3,000

Side Effects

$2,000

Total Annual

$35,000

Cost-Effectiveness

POOR

QALYs Gained

0.25

ICER

$200,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$233,333

Cost per Responder

$58,333

Treatment Outcomes
Efficacy Outcomes
Overall Effectiveness
+60%
Response Rate
+60%
Remission Rate
+15%
Common Side Effects
Infusion reactions
+15%
Increased infection risk
+8%
Headache
+10%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
5
Methotrexate
58% Effectiveness• 80% Confidence• 30% Safety• 2 trials• 4K participants
MODERATE EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 10-25 mg once weekly
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
30
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

2-3 months

Duration

1-2 years (or longer)

Response Rate

60%

Remission Rate

30%

Common Side Effects:

Nausea: 25%
Fatigue: 15%
Liver enzyme elevation: 15%
Oral ulcers: 8%
Myelosuppression (rare): 2%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$200

Monitoring

$750

Side Effects

$300

Total Annual

$1,250

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

Cost per Remission

$4,167

Cost per Responder

$2,083

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) % predicted65% predicted
+7.69% (+5 percentage points)
Dyspnea (mMRC scale)mMRC scale: 2/4
-50% (-1 point)
Corticosteroid DoseOral Prednisone: 10 mg/day
-50% (-5 mg/day)
Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) % predicted55% predicted
+5.45% (+3 percentage points)
Secondary Benefits
Fatigue (Fatigue Assessment Scale - FAS)FAS score: 30/50
-10% (-3 points)
Quality of Life (SF-36 Physical Component Summary)SF-36 PCS: 35/100
+10% (+3.5 points)
C-Reactive Protein (CRP)CRP: 8 mg/L
-25% (-2 mg/L)
Common Side Effects
Nausea
+25%
Fatigue
+15%
Liver enzyme elevation
+15%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
6
Azathioprine
58% Effectiveness• 80% Confidence• 30% Safety• 1 trials• 3K participants
MODERATE EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 1-2.5 mg/kg daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
Alcohol🍺
Morphine💊
Antibiotics💉
Tylenol💊
Exercise🏃
Water💧
30
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

3-6 months

Duration

1-2 years (or longer)

Response Rate

60%

Remission Rate

30%

Common Side Effects:

Nausea: 15%
Vomiting: 8%
Myelosuppression: 5%
Liver enzyme elevation: 8%
Increased infection risk: 10%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$200

Monitoring

$750

Side Effects

$300

Total Annual

$1,250

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

Cost per Remission

$4,167

Cost per Responder

$2,083

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)65% of predicted FVC
+4.6% (+3% points of predicted FVC)
Diffusion Capacity for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO)55% of predicted DLCO
+3.6% (+2% points of predicted DLCO)
Dyspnea (mMRC Scale)mMRC Dyspnea Scale: 2.5/4
-20% (-0.5 points)
Prednisone Equivalent Dose15 mg/day Prednisone equivalent
-33.3% (-5 mg/day Prednisone equivalent)
Secondary Benefits
St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)SGRQ Score: 45/100
-13.3% (-6 points)
6-Minute Walk Distance (6MWD)400 meters
+6.25% (+25 meters)
Common Side Effects
Nausea
+15%
Vomiting
+8%
Myelosuppression
+5%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4