Condition

Endocarditis

Clinical trials and treatment information for Endocarditis

422K
People Affected
80
Active Trials
63K
New Cases/Year
78K
Deaths/Year

Treatment Rankings

Ranked by evidence volume first. Medicine has spent centuries ranking things by vibes. This is an improvement.

1
Penicillin G
92% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 70% Safety• 6 trials• 10K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 12-24 million units/day IV
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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70
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

2-5 days

Duration

2-6 weeks IV

Response Rate

88%

Remission Rate

82%

Common Side Effects:

Hypersensitivity reaction (rash, anaphylaxis): 7%
Diarrhea: 3%
Nausea/Vomiting: 3%
Seizures (high doses, renal impairment): 0.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$500

Monitoring

$100,000

Side Effects

$1,000

Total Annual

$101,500

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

1.5

Cost per Remission

$123,780

Cost per Responder

$115,341

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Core Body Temperature39.5 °C
-6.33% (-2.5 °C)
C-reactive Protein (CRP)150 mg/L
-90% (-135 mg/L)
White Blood Cell Count15.0 x 10^9/L
-46.67% (-7.0 x 10^9/L)
Echocardiographic Vegetation Size1.5 cm
-50% (-0.75 cm)
Secondary Benefits
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)80 mm/hr
-68.75% (-55 mm/hr)
Hemoglobin10.0 g/dL
+20% (+2.0 g/dL)
EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Score40/100
+62.5% (+25 points)
Common Side Effects
Hypersensitivity reaction (rash, anaphylaxis)
+7%
Diarrhea
+3%
Nausea/Vomiting
+3%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
2
Ceftriaxone
90% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 70% Safety• 4 trials• 8K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent ValueDose: 2g IV once daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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70
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

3-6 days

Duration

2-6 weeks IV

Response Rate

85%

Remission Rate

78%

Common Side Effects:

Diarrhea/GI upset: 7%
Rash/Hypersensitivity: 3%
Gallbladder sludge/pseudolithiasis: 1.5%
Increased LFTs: 3%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$900

Monitoring

$105,000

Side Effects

$1,500

Total Annual

$107,400

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

1.3

Cost per Remission

$137,692

Cost per Responder

$126,353

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Blood Culture PositivityPositive (e.g., bacteremia with S. aureus)
-100% (Conversion to sterile cultures)
Body Temperature38.5 °C
-3.9% (-1.5 °C)
C-reactive protein (CRP)60 mg/L
-75% (-45 mg/L)
White Blood Cell Count (WBC)14.0 x 10^9/L
-42.9% (-6.0 x 10^9/L)
Secondary Benefits
Vegetation Size (Echocardiography)15 mm
-20% (-3 mm)
SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) Score30 points
+15% (+4.5 points)
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)45%
+11.1% (+5 percentage points)
Common Side Effects
Diarrhea/GI upset
+7%
Rash/Hypersensitivity
+3%
Gallbladder sludge/pseudolithiasis
+1.5%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
3
Nafcillin/Oxacillin
88% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 68% Safety• 1 trials• 7K participants
HIGH EvidenceGood ValueDose: 1.5-2g IV every 4 hours
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
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Morphine💊
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68
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

4-7 days

Duration

4-6 weeks IV

Response Rate

78%

Remission Rate

68%

Common Side Effects:

Hypersensitivity reaction (rash, anaphylaxis): 7%
Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea: 7%
Hepatotoxicity (elevated LFTs): 7%
Interstitial nephritis: 3%
Phlebitis at infusion site: 15%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$1,500

Monitoring

$115,000

Side Effects

$3,000

Total Annual

$119,500

Cost-Effectiveness

GOOD

QALYs Gained

1

Cost per Remission

$175,735

Cost per Responder

$153,205

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
C-reactive protein (CRP)100 mg/L
-85% (-85 mg/L)
White Blood Cell Count (WBC)16.0 x 10^9/L
-50% (-8.0 x 10^9/L)
Daily Duration of Fever (>38°C)12 hours/day
-80% (-9.6 hours/day)
Secondary Benefits
FACIT-Fatigue Score20 points (on 0-52 scale, higher is better)
+40% (+8 points)
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)6/10
-40% (-2.4 points)
ECOG Performance Status2/5 (lower is better)
-50% (-1 point)
Common Side Effects
Hypersensitivity reaction (rash, anaphylaxis)
+7%
Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea
+7%
Hepatotoxicity (elevated LFTs)
+7%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
4
Vancomycin + Gentamicin
87% Effectiveness• 90% Confidence• 65% Safety• 2 trials• 10K participants
HIGH EvidenceModerate ValueDose: Vancomycin 15-20 mg/kg IV q8-12h; Gentamicin 1 mg/kg IV q8h or 3 mg/kg once daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
Meth💀
Cigarettes🚬
Chemo☢️
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65
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

3-7 days

Duration

4-6 weeks IV

Response Rate

78%

Remission Rate

68%

Common Side Effects:

Nephrotoxicity: 12%
Ototoxicity (Gentamicin): 3%
Red Man Syndrome (Vancomycin): 7%
Nausea/Vomiting: 7%
Rash/Hypersensitivity: 3.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$1,250

Monitoring

$122,500

Side Effects

$6,000

Total Annual

$129,750

Cost-Effectiveness

MODERATE

QALYs Gained

0.9

Cost per Remission

$190,809

Cost per Responder

$166,346

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
C-reactive protein (CRP)100 mg/L
-75% (-75 mg/L)
White Blood Cell Count (WBC)15 x 10^9/L
-40% (-6 x 10^9/L)
Maximum daily temperature39.5 C
-5.06% (-2.0 C)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)80 mm/hr
-60% (-48 mm/hr)
Secondary Benefits
Duration of hospitalization28 days
-15% (-4.2 days)
EQ-5D-5L Health State Index0.60
+25% (+0.15 points)
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)45%
+11.11% (+5 percentage points)
Common Side Effects
Nephrotoxicity
+12%
Ototoxicity (Gentamicin)
+3%
Red Man Syndrome (Vancomycin)
+7%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4
5
Daptomycin
84% Effectiveness• 85% Confidence• 65% Safety• 15 trials• 3K participants
HIGH EvidenceModerate ValueDose: 6-10 mg/kg IV once daily
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

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65
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

4-8 days

Duration

4-6 weeks IV

Response Rate

72%

Remission Rate

62%

Common Side Effects:

Muscle pain/weakness (CPK elevation, rhabdomyolysis): 7%
GI upset: 7%
Rash: 3%
Eosinophilic pneumonia: 0.5%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$10,000

Monitoring

$130,000

Side Effects

$4,000

Total Annual

$144,000

Cost-Effectiveness

MODERATE

QALYs Gained

0.8

Cost per Remission

$232,258

Cost per Responder

$200,000

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
C-reactive protein (CRP)90 mg/L
-83.3% (-75 mg/L)
White Blood Cell Count (WBC)17.0 x 10^9 cells/L
-58.8% (-10.0 x 10^9 cells/L)
Fever Duration (days)7 days
-71.4% (-5 days)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)80 mm/hr
-75% (-60 mm/hr)
Secondary Benefits
Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) Score5/9 (Mildly Frail)
-20% (-1 point)
Hospital Length of Stay (LOS)28 days
-25% (-7 days)
EQ-5D-5L Index Value0.65
+23.1% (+0.15)
Common Side Effects
Muscle pain/weakness (CPK elevation, rhabdomyolysis)
+7%
GI upset
+7%
Rash
+3%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 3Phase 4
6
Surgical Valve Replacement/Repair
93% Effectiveness• 95% Confidence• 45% Safety• 2 trials• 5K participants
HIGH EvidenceExcellent Value
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Comparative Safety Scale(Higher is safer)

Cyanide☠️
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45
DangerousModerateSafe

Time to Effect

Immediate mechanical correction

Duration

Acute intervention + lifelong follow-up

Response Rate

90%

Remission Rate

85%

Number Needed to Treat (NNT)

3

Number Needed to Harm (NNH)

7

Common Side Effects:

Bleeding/Hemorrhage: 15%
Stroke/Neurological events: 6%
Acute Kidney Injury: 10%
Post-operative infection: 3.5%
Arrhythmias: 20%
Death: 10%

Annual Cost of Care

Drug Cost

$0

Monitoring

$200,000

Side Effects

$30,000

Total Annual

$230,000

Cost-Effectiveness

EXCELLENT

QALYs Gained

5

ICER

$45,000/QALY

Cost per Remission

$270,588

Cost per Responder

$255,556

Treatment Outcomes
Primary Outcomes
Valvular Vegetation Size1.5 cm diameter
-95% (-1.4 cm diameter)
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF)45%
+15% (+7 percentage points)
C-reactive protein (CRP)80 mg/L
-85% (-68 mg/L)
Secondary Benefits
NYHA Functional ClassClass III
-66.7% (-2 classes)
EQ-5D-5L Health State Index0.65
+25% (+0.16 points)
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)80 mm/hr
-75% (-60 mm/hr)
Common Side Effects
Bleeding/Hemorrhage
+15%
Stroke/Neurological events
+6%
Acute Kidney Injury
+10%

Clinical Trial Phases:

Phase 4